Influence of CNC at varying concentrations on mechanical properties and

Download scientific diagram | Influence of CNC at varying concentrations on mechanical properties and shape change. A) Compressive modulus as a function of CNC content for cell‐containing and cell‐free materials. B) Volume change as a function of time for each ELM composition. C) ELM disk before and after growth in synthetic complete medium. Top view shown on the left and side view shown on the right (Scale bars: 5 mm). D) 4D printed ELM in the form of a disk that consists of a cell‐free outer ring and a cell‐containing inner disk. After 48 h of growth in synthetic complete medium, the structure changes shape from a negative (left) to a positive (right) Gaussian curvature geometry (Scale bars: 10 mm). Each data point represents the mean (n = 3) and error bars represent standard deviation. Trend lines are only intended to guide the eye. Statistical analysis: t‐test, *** P‐value < 0.001. from publication: 4D Printing of Engineered Living Materials | Herein, a method that uses direct-ink-write printing to fabricate engineering living materials (ELMs) that respond by undergoing a programmed shape change in response to specific molecules is reported. Stimuli-responsiveness is imparted to ELMs by integrating genetically | Printing, Hydrogel and three-dimensional printing | ResearchGate, the professional network for scientists.

Influence of CNC at varying concentrations on mechanical properties and

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